Object of geomechanics, geotechnics and geotechnical engineering, Organization of the subject and documentation

Specific Objectives

Basic knowledge of the main types of problems that are posed and solved in the subject and of the general aspects of their organization (approach, development of the classes, program, bibliography and evaluation).

Dedication

Soil formation and nature. Observation scales. Soil phases. Basic types of soils Granulometry. Soil consistency. Limits. Soil classification system Basic soil behavior. Exercises of topic 2, complemented with additional concepts of theory

Specific Objectives

Knowledge, understanding and ability to reason and solve exercises in relation to the quantification of the state of a soil. It is a question of determining the relation between weights and volumes of the different phases that integrate it. The student must understand that soil is a porous medium in which the gaps left by the mineral particles that make it up (solid phase) may be liquid water and / or air (liquid or gas phases respectively). It will be necessary to know the tests whose objective is to identify and classify a real ground by means of the criteria of classification accepted in the geotechnical environment and some aspects on deformation and movement of the water inside the ground that is they will indicate intuitively. Practice and deepening of the concepts, knowledge and developments of the subject 2

Dedication

Definition of stresses and strains. Principle of effective stresses. Invariant stresses and strains. Stress state in horizontal terrain. Exercises of topic 3, complemented with additional concepts of theory

Specific Objectives

Knowledge, comprehension and ability to reason and solve exercises and problems in relation to the following aspects: units of stress in SI and others, total stresses and effective stresses, Mohr circles, invariants of the stress and strain matrix, stress trajectories in invariant planes (confinement and shear stress), and stress laws in one-dimensional conditions. Justification by algebra of matrices of the equations of normal and tangential stress in an arbitrary plane of inclination, and of the invariants of the matrix of stresses and deformations. Knowledge of typical values and orders of magnitude of vertical and horizontal stresses in a field due to weight according to saturation conditions. Practice and deepening of the concepts, knowledge and developments of the subject 3

Dedication

Identification and basic classification of soils. Visual and tactile identification and classification and determination of basic geotechnical parameters (granulometry, Atterberg boundaries and unified soil classification). Water flow in saturated soil. Concepts of flow, unit flow, hydraulic gradient, permeability, critical gradient and siphoning. Determination of permeability with constant and variable load permeability and measurement of the critical gradient when reaching siphoning. Compaction and edometric and triaxial testing. Consolidation and resistance of compacted soils. Compaction methods and curve. Collapse and swelling and shear strength of compacted soils.

Specific Objectives

Direct experimentation with soils of different types and characteristics and knowledge, understanding and capacity for visual and tactile identification of soils and experimental determination of basic geotechnical parameters (granulometry, Atterberg limits and unified classification). Experimentation with water flow in saturated soil and knowledge, understanding and ability to reason with the concepts of flow, unit flow, hydraulic gradient, permeability, critical gradient and siphoning and with the determination of permeability with constant and variable load parameters and the measurement of the critical gradient when reaching siphoning. Experimentation with soil compaction and compacted soils in edometric and triaxial tests and knowledge, understanding and reasoning ability with soil compaction, collapse and swelling phenomena and with the development of standard edometric and triaxial tests.

Dedication

Water in the ground. Water density. Porosity. Degree of saturation. Piezometric level. Groundwater level. Darcy's Law. Permeability. Relative permeability. Water flow equation. Free and confined aquifers. Pumps. Drains and filters. Landings. Excavations. Exercises

Specific Objectives

Knowledge, understanding and ability to reason and solve exercises and problems in relation to the following aspects: concepts of water flow and flow; piezometric height, Darcy's law, permeability, aquifers, equivalent permeability and flow in stratified soils; siphoning; hydraulic and critical gradient, interpretation of all types of flow networks in saturated soils (flows, hydraulic gradients, interstitial pressures), and graphical obtaining of flow networks and excavation drainage project (in the excavation itself, with wells or wells tip) in simple cases (isotropic and homogeneous saturated soils, and simple anisotropes or heterogeneous). Knowledge of typical values and orders of magnitude of terrain permeabilities (hydraulic and critical gradients, interstitial and total pressures, etc.).

Dedication

Deformation of the soils. Primary consolidation. Consolidation equation. One-dimensional consolidation. Edometric test. Degree of consolidation. Solution of the one-dimensional consolidation equation. Secondary consolidation. Exercises and problems of topic 5 complemented with additional concepts of theory

Specific Objectives

Knowledge, comprehension and reasoning ability and resolution of exercises and problems in relation to interstitial pressures, recoverable and irrecoverable deformations measured with different parameters and settlements and degrees of consolidation produced in various cases. Knowledge of typical values and orders of magnitude of compressibility coefficients, edometric modules and consolidation coefficients of different types of soils and for different states of the same. Knowledge and understanding of the components of soil deformation and the concepts of instantaneous and deferred deformations in time and effective stresses, of the processes of primary and secondary consolidation, of the equations of primary consolidation (soil deformation in edometric conditions) and one-dimensional consolidation. Practice and deepening of the concepts, knowledge and developments of the subject 5

Dedication

Unsaturated soils. Retention curve. Swelling and collapse. Compaction, density diagrams - water content in the soil. Exercises

Specific Objectives

Knowledge, understanding and reasoning ability of the most relevant aspects of the properties of unsaturated soils, the concept of suction and its application to the soil retention curve, the definition of effective stress, collapse phenomena and inflation, of the specific laboratory tests for these soils, of the compaction curve and of the compaction process in practice including various procedures.

Dedication

Friction and cohesion in soils. Mohr-Coulomb break criterion. Breaking tests. Breakage in drained and undrained conditions. Friction and cohesion angle values in different types of soils and rocks. Exercises and problems of unit 7 complemented with additional concepts of theory

Specific Objectives

Knowledge, comprehension and reasoning ability and resolution of exercises and problems in relation to real triaxial tests in both sands and clays (including determination of drained and non-drained deformation modules), representation of results of triaxial tests in the form of trajectories in terms of stress invariants (determination of the resistance obtained in a test, including the concept of drained and undrained). Knowledge of typical values and orders of magnitude of the internal friction angle, resistance to cutting without drainage. Knowledge of some relationships between the humidity of a soil and the resistance, as well as between the coefficient of thrust at rest and the angle of friction of a soil. Practice and deepening of the concepts, knowledge and developments of the subject 7

Dedication

Reservoirs. Earth dams. Geomembranes and geotextiles. Bibliographic review and self-learning

Dedication

Engineering barriers for waste isolation. Fluid storage in the field. Geomechanics and energy. Geothermal problems. Bibliographic review and self-learning

Dedication

Dedication